What Are Directional Tires?

When we talk about tread patterns of tires, we're referring to the footprint of a tire made by four parts of the tire: the ribs, grooves, tread blocks, and sipes. Those tread patterns are not there for looks or by chance. The patterns of tire treads serve several purposes, and in this post, we are talking about a specific type of tread pattern called "directional tire pattern." 

3 Types of Tread Patterns

You might be thinking, aren't all tires directional? The short answer is no.

There are three primary tire tread patterns: Asymmetrical, symmetrical and directional. If you're not up close and personal with a tire, each tread pattern might look the same. In reality, they couldn't be more different. Let's compare the tread patterns.

Asymmetrical tires

Different tread patterns can be found on asymmetrical tires' inner and outer tread areas. For example, half of the tire may have a directional pattern, while the other half is more symmetrical.

Tread patterns on asymmetrical tires are developed to help with water removal, grip and traction. Similar to directional tires, asymmetrical models must be mounted with a specific side facing out, usually marked on the side of the tire.

Symmetrical tires

Symmetrical is the most common tire tread pattern. These tires have the same tread pattern on the inside and outside tread blocks. They do not have to be mounted in a specific direction, making tire rotations simpler than directional tires.

Directional tires

The tread pattern of directional tires is distinct and made to rotate in only one direction. Of course, this doesn't mean they can't be driven in reverse. Instead, directional refers to the direction these tires must be mounted in relation to the vehicle. These tires are typically built for high-performance cars.

So, what is the advantage of getting directional tires? There are two main benefits: High-speed handling and water evacuation.

Directional tires' tread design is ideal for maintaining optimal road contact in wet driving conditions. The unique tread pattern helps avoid hydroplaning if you're in down-pouring rain.

They also offer exceptional handling and traction in dry conditions. They're designed for maximum road contact, which leads to better cornering and grip and can handle better than other tires, such as all-season models.

Fast Facts About Directional Tires

How can you tell if you have directional tires? The treads are symmetrical and come to a V-shape in the center.

Which way do directional tires go? Directional tires come with an arrow pointing toward the front of the vehicle. This is the direction that the tires should be installed. 

How to tell if tires are directional: If you have an arrow on the side of your tire that points to the front, then you have directional tires. Also, if you notice a pattern similar to the one pictured here, it might be a directional tire. 

Identifying directional tires

It can be challenging to identify directional tires by eye. Here's what to look for: Most directional tires have a solid center rib, increasing rigidity for high-speed stability. The tread pattern's lateral channels are also V-shaped and point downward. The best way to know is to speak with a tire professional.

Is it Possible to Put Directional Tires on Backwards?

Directional tires must be mounted on the vehicle facing the intended direction. Tires with asymmetrical and symmetrical patterns don't require a specific direction when installed. But installing directional tires incorrectly will diminish the tires' benefits and cause them to wear down quicker than the manufacturer intended.

NOTE: Asymmetrical tires have an inside and outside face, which means they must also be mounted correctly onto the wheels. When correctly mounted on the wheel, it's OK to install them facing any direction on the automobile.

How to Rotate Directional Tires

Because directional tires are designed only to face one direction, they can't be rotated like asymmetrical or symmetrical tires. A tire rotation typically consists of moving the front wheels to the rear and the rear wheels to the front. Tires must be rotated using different techniques on a vehicle with directional tires.

Typically, directional tires can be rotated front to back on the same side, so they're installed facing the same direction. But if there is uneven wear or the tires and wheels are staggered sizes, it's best to remove the tires from the wheels and remount them in the proper direction. The rotation process can take more time with directional tires than with symmetrical or asymmetrical.

Speak with a tire pro to determine if directional tires are right for you.

Photo 196131750 / Car vladimir razgulyaev | Dreamstime.com